{"id":343,"date":"2022-12-16T16:57:26","date_gmt":"2022-12-16T15:57:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pont-dain.meteo01.fr\/mag\/?page_id=343"},"modified":"2022-12-16T16:58:30","modified_gmt":"2022-12-16T15:58:30","slug":"lechelle-de-beaufort","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/pont-dain.meteo01.fr\/mag\/lechelle-de-beaufort\/","title":{"rendered":"L’\u00e9chelle Beaufort."},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"Pour les marins et les plaisanciers, connaitre les pr\u00e9visions de vent\u00a0 d’ apr\u00e8s l’ \u00e9chelle Beaufort est tr\u00e8s important.<\/p>\n

Le symbole de l’\u00e9chelle de Beaufort est bf.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si la vitesse du vent peut \u00eatre mesur\u00e9e avec une bonne pr\u00e9cision \u00e0 l’aide d’un an\u00e9mom\u00e8tre exprimant une valeur en n\u0153uds ou en kilom\u00e8tres par heure, le marin devait jadis savoir juger cette vitesse par la seule observation des effets du vent sur l’environnement.<\/span><\/p>\n

Il revient \u00e0 l’amiral britannique Francis Beaufort (1774-1857) d’avoir, en 1805, imagin\u00e9 une \u00e9chelle comportant des crit\u00e8res assez pr\u00e9cis pour quantifier le vent en mer et permettre la diffusion d’informations fiables universellement comprises. Ce fut l’\u00e9chelle de Beaufort.<\/span><\/p>\n

Un degr\u00e9 Beaufort correspond \u00e0 la vitesse moyenne du vent sur dix minutes de dur\u00e9e. Bien que tr\u00e8s employ\u00e9e un vent de 4 beaufort avec des rafales \u00e0 6 est incorrecte.<\/span><\/p>\n

D’autres crit\u00e8res y furent adjoints pour \u00e9tendre son application \u00e0 terre.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

TOUT LE DETAIL DE L’ECHELLE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Force<\/th>\nTermes<\/th>\nVitesse en n\u0153uds<\/th>\nVitesse en km\/h<\/th>\n\u00c9tat de la mer<\/th>\nEffets \u00e0 terre<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
0<\/td>\nCalme<\/td>\nmoins de 1<\/td>\nmoins de 1<\/td>\nLa mer est comme un miroir<\/td>\nLa fum\u00e9e monte verticalement<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nTr\u00e8s l\u00e9g\u00e8re brise<\/td>\n1 \u00e0 3<\/td>\n1 \u00e0 5<\/td>\nQuelques rides ressemblant \u00e0 des \u00e9cailles de poissons, mais sans aucune \u00e9cume<\/td>\nLa fum\u00e9e indique la direction du vent. Les girouettes ne s’orientent pas.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nL\u00e9g\u00e8re brise<\/td>\n4 \u00e0 6<\/td>\n6 \u00e0 11<\/td>\nVaguelettes ne d\u00e9ferlant pas<\/td>\nOn sent le vent sur la figure, les feuilles bougent.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nPetite brise<\/td>\n7 \u00e0 10<\/td>\n12 \u00e0 19<\/td>\nTr\u00e8s petites vagues. Les cr\u00eates commencent \u00e0 d\u00e9ferler. Ecume d’aspect vitreux. Parfois quelques moutons \u00e9pars<\/td>\nLes drapeaux flottent bien. Les feuilles sont sans cesse en mouvement.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nJolie brise<\/td>\n11 \u00e0 15<\/td>\n20 \u00e0 28<\/td>\nPetites vagues, de nombreux moutons<\/td>\nLes poussi\u00e8res s’envolent, les petites branches plient.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nBonne brise<\/td>\n16 \u00e0 20<\/td>\n29 \u00e0 38<\/td>\nVagues mod\u00e9r\u00e9es, moutons, \u00e9ventuellement embruns<\/td>\nLes petits arbres balancent. Les sommets de tous les arbres sont agit\u00e9s.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nVent frais<\/td>\n21 \u00e0 26<\/td>\n39 \u00e0 49<\/td>\nCr\u00eates d’\u00e9cumes blanches, lames, embruns<\/td>\nOn entend siffler le vent.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nGrand frais<\/td>\n27 \u00e0 33<\/td>\n50 \u00e0 61<\/td>\nTrain\u00e9es d’\u00e9cumes, lames d\u00e9ferlantes<\/td>\nTous les arbres s’agitent.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nCoup de vent<\/td>\n34 \u00e0 40<\/td>\n62 \u00e0 74<\/td>\nTourbillons d’\u00e9cumes \u00e0 la cr\u00eate des lames, train\u00e9es d’\u00e9cumes<\/td>\nQuelques branches cassent.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nFort coup de vent<\/td>\n41 \u00e0 47<\/td>\n75 \u00e0 88<\/td>\nLames d\u00e9ferlantes grosses \u00e0 \u00e9normes, visibilit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite par les embruns<\/td>\nLe vent peut endommager les b\u00e2timents.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nTemp\u00eate<\/td>\n48 \u00e0 55<\/td>\n89 \u00e0 102<\/td>\nConditions exceptionnelles\u00a0: Tr\u00e8s grosse lames \u00e0 longues cr\u00eate en panache. L’\u00e9cume produite s’agglom\u00e8re en large bancs et est souffl\u00e9e dans le lit du vent en \u00e9paisse train\u00e9es blanche. Dans son ensemble, la surface des eaux semble blanche. Le d\u00e9ferlement en rouleaux devient intense et brutal. Visibilit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite<\/td>\nGros d\u00e9g\u00e2ts.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\nViolente temp\u00eate<\/td>\n56 \u00e0 63<\/td>\n103 \u00e0 117<\/td>\nConditions exceptionnelles\u00a0: Lames exceptionnellement hautes (les navires de petits et moyen tonnage peuvent, par instant, \u00eatre perdu de vus). La mer est compl\u00e8tement recouverte de bancs d’\u00e9cume blanche \u00e9long\u00e9 dans la direction du vent. Partout, le bord de la cr\u00eate des lames est souffl\u00e9 et donne de la mousse. Visibilit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite<\/td>\nGros d\u00e9g\u00e2ts.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/td>\nOuragan<\/td>\n\u00e9gal ou sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 64<\/td>\nsup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 118<\/td>\nConditions exceptionnelles\u00a0: L’air est plein d’\u00e9cume et d’embruns. La mer est enti\u00e8rement blanche du fait des bancs d’\u00e9cume d\u00e9rivant. Visibilit\u00e9 fortement reduite<\/td>\nTr\u00e8s gros d\u00e9g\u00e2ts.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0Tous les textes ci-dessus sont disponibles sous les termes de la licence de documentation libre GNU<\/a> (GFDL).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pour les marins et les plaisanciers, connaitre les pr\u00e9visions de vent\u00a0 d’ apr\u00e8s l’ \u00e9chelle Beaufort est tr\u00e8s important. Le symbole de l’\u00e9chelle de Beaufort est bf. Si la vitesse du vent peut \u00eatre mesur\u00e9e [Lire la suite]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":344,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"yoast_head":"\nL'\u00e9chelle Beaufort. - Le Mag - M\u00e9t\u00e9o Vall\u00e9e de l'Ain - Suran<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/pont-dain.meteo01.fr\/mag\/lechelle-de-beaufort\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L'\u00e9chelle Beaufort. - Le Mag - M\u00e9t\u00e9o Vall\u00e9e de l'Ain - Suran\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pour les marins et les plaisanciers, connaitre les pr\u00e9visions de vent\u00a0 d’ apr\u00e8s l’ \u00e9chelle Beaufort est tr\u00e8s important. 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